Site characterization is the process of determining the physical, chemical, and biological properties of a specific location or area of land. This information is essential for a variety of purposes, including environmental monitoring, land use planning, and site remediation. Site characterization typically involves collecting and analyzing soil, water, and air samples, as well as conducting geophysical surveys and other testing methods to assess the potential risks and opportunities associated with a particular site. This information is used to inform decision-making and management strategies for the sustainable development and use of land resources.